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- <text id=89TT1692>
- <link 93HT0844>
- <link 90TT2645>
- <link 90TT1440>
- <title>
- July 03, 1989: Whose Art Is It, Anyway?
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- July 03, 1989 Great Ball Of Fire:Angry Sun
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- NATION, Page 21
- Whose Art Is It, Anyway?
- </hdr><body>
- <p>A photographic exhibit fuels debate over Government's role
- </p>
- <p> Art and politics are often a volatile mix. Add sex, and the
- mix becomes combustible. A case in point: on June 12
- Washington's Corcoran Gallery of Art abruptly canceled an
- exhibit of Robert Mapplethorpe's work, which included
- sadomasochistic and homoerotic photographs. "We really felt
- this exhibit was at the wrong place at the wrong time,"
- explained museum director Christina Orr-Cahall. "We had the
- strong potential to become some persons' political platform."
- </p>
- <p> The "persons" Orr-Cahall was talking about are mostly on
- Capitol Hill, and they oversee the budget of the National
- Endowment for the Arts, which partly subsidized the
- Mapplethorpe show with a $30,000 grant. The NEA was already
- enmeshed in controversy over an earlier grant of $15,000 to
- photographer Andres Serrano, among whose works is a picture
- titled Piss Christ, depicting a crucifix submerged in the
- artist's urine. Mapplethorpe, who died of AIDS in March,
- produced equally provocative work: his oeuvre includes pictures
- of nude children in erotic poses, a man urinating into another's
- mouth, and other violent and homosexually explicit poses. When
- some of the work was exhibited at New York's Whitney Museum last
- summer, there were averted eyes, even among those who make a
- career out of being avant-garde and supersophisticated.
- </p>
- <p> The First Amendment has never entertained a blush factor.
- Free artistic expression is broadly guaranteed. The question is
- whether the right of free expression carries along with it the
- privilege of federal subsidy. New York Senator Alfonse D'Amato,
- who tore up the Serrano catalog on the Senate floor, concedes
- the artist's "right to produce filth" but adds that "taxpayers'
- dollars should not be utilized to promote it."
- </p>
- <p> The protest quickly spread across the political spectrum. On
- May 18, 36 Senators signed a letter asking for changes in the
- NEA's grant-making procedures so that "shocking, abhorrent and
- completely undeserving" art would not get money. At the
- prompting of Texas Congressman Dick Armey, 107 members of the
- House sent a similar letter to the endowment.
- </p>
- <p> The congressional letters and the Corcoran withdrawal
- incited the ire of arts partisans who contend that withholding
- funds or threatening to do so amounts to Government censorship.
- Political whim, their argument goes, should not be the judge of
- art. What shocks one generation -- a Madonna set in a shabby
- tenement, for example -- is treasured by a later one. Moreover,
- art that flouts convention by dealing with the extremities of
- the human condition is the work most in need of support.
- </p>
- <p> The other side holds that Mapplethorpe's work is pornography
- posing as art. His works, this faction contends, should be shown
- privately, preferably in a red-light district. In fact, some of
- Mapplethorpe's work is so graphic that if authorities had chosen
- to do so, they could have prosecuted him for child pornography,
- which has no First Amendment protection.
- </p>
- <p> The howls of protest from the arts lobby are timely since
- the NEA this year must undergo its five-year budget review.
- Congressman Sidney Yates of Illinois, a stalwart supporter of
- the arts whose subcommittee oversees the NEA, has asked acting
- endowment chairman Hugh Southern to come up with a way to make
- the endowment more accountable for its grants without opening
- the door to congressional micromanagement. Southern says he
- hopes to produce "something that's agreeable to all parties
- that doesn't get into any kind of chilling of expression."
- </p>
- <p> Agreeable to all parties, of course, is the rub. It will
- always be politically safer to fund an exhibit of old masters
- than an exhibit of unproven work. Two weeks ago at a meeting in
- his office, Yates confronted NEA critic Armey with a Picasso
- painting of the Crucifixion, which offended many people in the
- 1930s. Armey admitted that he was not offended by the Picasso,
- but did not concede anything about Mapplethorpe. Armey warned
- that if the Mapplethorpe catalog is plunked down on the table
- during the debate on NEA funding, its budget would be "blown
- out of the water."
- </p>
- <p> The Washington Project for the Arts is shopping around for a
- museum willing to present the Mapplethorpe exhibit, and a laser
- artist is making plans to project images of Mapplethorpe's
- photos on the Corcoran Gallery's facade. By canceling the
- Mapplethorpe show, the Corcoran's Orr-Cahall hoped to deflate
- the flap and engender serious reflection about what is art,
- what is not and what the Government should support. Those, she
- admits, are questions to which "no one has yet found answers."
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
-
-